A Study Based On Personal Interests And Literature Review

Studying sociology is to understand social action that can have an explanation of causes and effects. In order to understand the social action, scholars need to conduct a research prior to interpret the phenomenon at the specific study area. However, conducting a research, researchers need to complete many tasks, such as development of a research question, selection of research methodology, development of questionnaires, data collection, data analyse and research report writing. This paper outlines the steps of development of a research question. First part of this paper, I will present a possible way of development of a research question. Second, I will explain the reasons why I select a research topic for my study based on personal interests and literature review. Third, I will present a possible method research and explain why I select that research methodology and I will demonstrate the strengths and limitations of the method research. Last part of this paper, I will point out key issues, debates and controversies related to the research area of the proposed study through social context and ethical norms of the research. I shall start with the first section of this paper. First task for researchers to conduct research is to identify a research question. A good research depends on a good research question. However, there is no magic bullet way to develop a research question. Some scholars suggest some steps of formulating a research question: identifying a research topicShow MoreRelatedHow Private Are You Online? What Information Do You Share About Yourself?784 Words   |  4 Pageshe topic for the qualitative study is: â€Å"How private are you online? What information do you share about yourself? The object of this research is to prove the lack of privacy when it comes to sharing information on social media. It will also cover how social media, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, etc.; has taken over as a means of interacting in lieu of face-to face communication, telephones, and written communication. Studies have proven the information shared on social media is not privateRead MoreLeadership Styles Of A Leadership1685 Words   |  7 Pageseffectively. This literature review will discuss the various leadership styles and linkage between the followers. The leadership styles of transformational, charismatic, servant, leader-member-exchange theory leaders share a common interest the follower. The servant leader serves others before self. The transformational leader inspires and charismatic leader charms the followers. A leader common goal is his or her role to the follower. Methodology of Review The research studies chosen for thisRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) Essay1642 Words   |  7 Pagesvariations including social, demographic, economic and behavioural (Ferguson et al, 2002). The treatment with HAART is not simple, Duggan et al. (2009) clarifies the complex regime consisting of different medications with numerous side effects. A study by Maqutua and Zewotira (2011) revealed that from the 688 patients diagnosed with HIV, only 79% of the patients followed the advised adherence to HAART. HIV has over the years become a major public concern with the risk of transmission increasing byRead MoreThe Mentally Ill O FF Ender Treatment And Crime Reduction Act Of 2004 : Problems And Prospects1321 Words   |  6 PagesThe Mentally Ill Oï ¬â‚¬ender Treatment and Crime Reduction Act of 2004: Problems and Prospects by Christine M. Litschgea and Michael G. Vaughn, is a research article whose focus is three-fold. First, the researchers reviewed the literature available on the components that have influenced the considerable increases of incarcerated persons with severe mental illness (SMI). Secondly, they analyzed the Mentally Ill Oï ¬â‚¬ender Treatment and Crime Reduc tion Act of 2004 (MIOTCRA), and evaluated if, since itsRead MoreA Research Study On Health Promotion, Behavior Change1218 Words   |  5 Pages2015). A systematic literature search was undertaken to establish the importance of workplace for promotion of good health practices, particularly in a social cultural context of behavioural changes in nursing field when encountering different situation at work such as stress and bullying, and how does multicultural workplace affects behaviour of each staff. Keywords Literature review, systematic, workplace – based health promotion, behaviour change Purpose Although the literature covers a wide varietyRead MoreEssay Business Ethics in Accounting1034 Words   |  5 Pageshave violated the trust and confidence of public. A number of researches have been conducted to find the potential factors resulting in unethical, biased or inappropriate decision making and judgments by the professionals. The aim of this paper is to review two academic articles and conclude on the reliability of the claims and assertions made by the authors. The research paper of Pflugrath, Martinov-Bennie Chen (2007) aims to analyze the impact of organizational codes of ethics on the accountants’Read MoreThe Anatomy Of Corporate Fraud Essay845 Words   |  4 Pagescharacteristics of the six American and European corporate scandals within the areas of ethical climate, tone at the top and executive leadership, bubble economy and market pressure, accountability, control, auditing, and governance, and executive personal interests and compensation package. 2. What are the major similarities and differences between the American and the European corporate failures from the fraud triangle perspective taking into account the ethical climate, control environment, and regulatoryRead MoreA Culture-Based Perspective Concerning the Desirable Characteristics of Mobile Phones1643 Words   |  7 PagesSelection of Mobile Phone A Culture-Based Perspective Concerning the Desirable Characteristics of Mobile Phones as Tools of Communication Techn ologies I. Introduction and Theoretical Framework This program of study continues personal research and professional practice in the field of mobile telephonic communications within the area of telecommunication systems. The theoretical framework that will be used for the proposed studys cultural component will be based on Geert Hofstedes five nationalRead MorePeer Review And Writing Style Essay875 Words   |  4 PagesWhen Research, Peer Review and Writing Style Meet Bringing new evidence based practice to the bedside involves a multi-faceted approach involving research, peer review, and publication of new ideas. Research is necessary for the discovery of scientific advancement. Peer review is necessary to ensure the integrity of research findings prior to publication. Adherence to writing principles and style are necessary to convey research findings vetted by peer review. Poorly written research findingsRead MoreMini-Systematic Review For Multi-Systematic Review804 Words   |  4 Pagesand there is not a specific study that addresses how research reflects the doctoral level domains (Gladding, 2013). The 2016 standards provide a clear premise for research in each area and articles published within the last 15 years research has not addressed the extent to which the domains are covered in peer-reviewed journals. Since these standards are important to doctoral counselor education, research should be geared towards these domains. The mini-systematic review addresses the quality of doctoral

Demography and Bioethics Free Essays

Demography is the statistical study of human populations. It can be a very general science that can be applied to any kind of dynamic human population, that is, one that changes over time or space. Populations can change through three processes: fertility, mortality, and migration. We will write a custom essay sample on Demography and Bioethics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Fertility involves the number of children that women have and is to be contrasted with fecundity Bioethics is the study of moral issues in fields of medical treatment and research, brought about by advances in biology and medicine. Bioethicists are concerned with the ethical questions that arise in the relationships among life sciences, biotechnology, medicine, politics, law, and philosophy. Overpopulation is too many people in one space, is a condition where an organism’s numbers exceed the carrying capacity of its habitat. Once we recognize the fact that overpopulation is a problem and that increasing standards of living around the world will add to our resource-use and pollution-management challenges, it’s tempting to start thinking that disease, poverty, and premature death are unfortunate but necessary. We must resist any such temptation and work toward better solutions. We should: * continue to strive to reduce suffering by combating disease and poverty around the world; * continue to improve resource efficiency and pollution control so that standards of living can rise without negative impact; and * Keep human population to numbers that are sustainable. On the population front, that means: * making sure people around the world have access to family planning services; * empowering women in developing countries economically, socially, and legally in a manner that results in them having an equal say (with their husbands) in reproductive decisions; * modifying school curricula to include information on population levels and implications for the future; * Reforming tax laws in a way that encourages couples to have no more than two children. (They would still be able to have as many kids as they want, but the tax code would no longer subsidize more than two.) People are a good thing, but population growth without limit is not. The US and all developed countries should reinvigorate their international efforts to slow population growth. The future of the world depends on it! How to cite Demography and Bioethics, Essay examples

Concrete Work for Blue Mountains Project †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Concrete Work for Blue Mountains Project. Answer: Manage Project Quality Good quality concrete work is very essential for all construction works. Therefore the need to implement strategies that will ensure high quality concrete work in this project is inevitable. This quality manual will ensure that all concrete work for Blue Mountains Project meets the required standards specified in the contract documents and that of engineering practice. Formwork Formwork determines the final shape and position of concrete(Civil Guides, 2017). The design, preparation, installation and removal of formwork shall be done in accordance with AS 3610 and AS/NZS 4671 requirements and specifications. The formwork used in this project shall be strong and rigid enough to resist different loads imposed on it until when the concrete attains full strength(Committee BD-043, 2010). The formwork shall be designed correctly and installed properly; it shall be perfectly watertight so as to prevent water loss from fresh concrete after placing it in the formwork; internal surfaces of the formwork shall be cleaned and oiled before the concrete is placed in it; and concrete shall be dropped into the formwork vertically to prevent segregation. Materials The formwork in this project shall be made using timber, plastic, plywood and/or metal (aluminium or steel) depending on availability and cost. These materials shall be obtained from reputable suppliers. Samples shall be taken and tested to ensure that they meet the minimum strength requirements. Design and preparation Formwork shall be designed to fit the exact dimensions of concrete structures to be constructed. Engineers shall design the formwork sheeting, formwork bearers and formwork ties in accordance with AS 3610 requirements. Preparation shall include cutting the formwork into the desired shapes and sizes, cleaning and oiling internal surfaces of the formwork, and joining the forms so as to create the desired molds. Installation After preparation, the formwork shall be installed by qualified personnel in their respective locations. Appropriate tools and equipment shall be used to install the formwork to ensure that it is sufficiently braced and spliced to avoid misalignment. Levels and squares shall be used to ensure that the formwork is vertically and horizontally straight or aligned. The formwork shall also be maintained within specified design tolerances(Rodriguez, 2016). Removal Removal of formwork shall be after the specified period in the contract documents. The formwork shall only be removed after the concrete has gained sufficient strength. Removal of formwork shall be in the following sequence: shuttering that form vertical faces of columns, beams and walls; shuttering that form slab soffits; and shuttering that form beam soffits(Daily Civil, 2017). It is understood that inappropriate removal of formwork causes deformation of fresh concrete under its weight resulting to cracking, dimensional tolerance loss or collapse hence the formwork shall be removed by following the recommended procedure in AS 3610. Reinforcement Materials This projects shall use steel reinforcement. The reinforcement materials shall be obtained from reputable manufacturers and suppliers in the region. The company shall test the reinforcement to ensure that it has the desired properties. Design Engineers and designers shall design reinforcement accordingly to ensure that it is of the right type, size, shape and number as per the contract documents. Some of the key design elements to be considered include: bar spacing, bar supports and tying requirements(Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute, 2018). Installation The reinforcement shall be installed as shown on the structural drawings. The key elements that shall be considered when installing reinforcement are: concrete cover, positioning and tolerances. These elements affect the final strength of concrete structure. Concrete All concrete works in this project will be done in accordance with the guidelines and requirements provided in AS 3600:2009 Concrete Structures(SAI Global, 2009). The main problems that occur in concrete trade are those associated with the quality of materials used, proportion of concrete mix, mixing method, transportation and placing, curing and tests(Twitty, 2008). These problems will be prevented from occurring in this project by applying the following techniques: Materials All materials (cement, aggregates (coarse and fine), water and admixtures (if any) used to make concrete shall be of high quality. The materials will sourced from reputable and certified suppliers in the region. The company shall send her representatives to various sources or suppliers so as to inspect how the materials are obtained, processed and prepared. The relevant physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the materials shall also be tested to ensure that they meet the required Australian building and engineering standards. These properties are the ones that determine the final strength of concrete(Biswas, 2013). Concrete mix design The ratio of concrete ingredients determines the strength of concrete(Ahmad Alghamdi, 2014). Proportions of concrete ingredients shall be designed by civil engineers so as to get the right mix for the job. The ratio of cement, aggregates and water shall be carefully determined for each concrete work so as to achieve the required strength of the structure. Before designing the concrete mix, the engineers will first establish the project specifications in contract documents. These specifications will act as guidelines on the proportions of the concrete ingredients. Measuring and mixing Batching in this project shall be done by volume. Gauge boxes shall be prepared and used to batch the concrete materials so as to attain the designed mix proportions. The company is aware that weight batching is more accurate than volume batching but the former is difficult to operate and more expensive than the later. After batching, the ingredients shall be mixed thoroughly to ensure that the concrete is uniform and attains the required quality. The mixing method that shall be used in this project is drum mixing, which is one of the most common and effective methods of concrete mixing. The concrete mixing machines shall be operated by qualified personnel. Mixing of concrete in this project shall be done by following the requirements of AS 1379. Handling and placing The concrete in this project shall be prepared on site hence it will only be transported over a short distance. Once the concrete is prepared, it will be placed before it hardens. Placing of concrete shall be done carefully by pouring the concrete in the prepared formwork in a manner that will prevent segregation. The concrete will be poured directly (using buckets and wheelbarrows) or by pump (using special concrete pumps), depending on the specific work being done. Vibrators will be used to enhance setting (where necessary) and the concrete will also be compacted and consolidated appropriately to eliminate air and other voids and also to ensure that the concrete is distributed to all parts of the formwork. Finishing Durability, smoothness and appearance of concrete surfaces are very important(Infrastructure Technology Institute, (n.d.)). To achieve this, concrete surfaces will be treated after consolidation so as to attain the expected properties. This will be done using different methods including: screeding, floating and trowelling, mechanical finishing (roughening the surface so as to make it less slick), use of concrete dyes, surface molding and polishing. The finishing shall be done in accordance with AS 3610. Curing After placing and consolidating the concrete, it will be cured properly and adequately for the recommended period in the contract documents (at least 7 days). During curing period, the concrete will be saturated fully with water. Nevertheless, the curing can be done by misting or sprinkling water on the concrete surface(Consumers Builders Supply Co., (n.d.)). This will help the concrete to develop the desired properties by developing full strength and preventing development of internal stresses. Damp fabric or plastic will be used to cover the concrete so as to avert evaporation and keep the concrete hydrated. Formwork will remain in place throughout the curing period. Testing Multiple samples of concrete shall be obtained and tested so as to determine if the concrete meets the desired properties. The concrete shall be sampled and tested in accordance with AS 1012(Main Roads Western Australia, 2011). The tests shall be carried out on both fresh and hardened concrete. These tests will include: compacting factor test, slump test, compression test, flexural strength test and tensile strength test. After 28 days, concrete is expected to have attained its maximum characteristic strength. If any of the samples fail, appropriate corrective actions shall be taken immediately. Generally In case non-conformance is identified, corrective actions shall be taken immediately depending on the stage of the work. If non-conformance is identified at the source of materials, the company will choose another supplier. Different records will also be maintained including sources of materials, test results of various materials, quality control and assurance reports, inspection reports, etc. The company shall ensure that each stage of the project is done by qualified personnel. Adequate tools and equipment shall also be provided to enable completion of the works. To ensure high quality work, the company shall have a quality control team that will be responsible for checking and ensuring that all works meet the required quality standards. The team will work independently and in collaboration with the client representatives. Environmental impacts and safety are other aspects that shall be considered at every stage of concrete work. In general, quality shall not be compromised at any cost or time and quality control of materials and workmanship shall be taken with the seriousness it deserves. The company shall also ensure that there is effective communication and collaboration with the client and her representatives to update them about quality control of concrete works. References Ahmad, S. Alghamdi, S., 2014. A Statistical Approach to Optimizing Concrete Mixture Design. The Scientific World Journal, Volume 2014, pp. 1-7. Biswas, L., 2013. Concrete Ingredients. [Online] Available at: https://www.acivilengineer.com/2013/05/concrete-ingredients.html [Accessed 11 February 2018]. Civil Guides, 2017. Mixing Concrete. [Online] Available at: https://civilguides.com/mixing-concrete/ [Accessed 10 February 2018]. Committee BD-043, 2010. Formwork for Concrete, Sydney, NSW: Council of Standards Australia. Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute, 2018. Reinforcing Bar Placing. [Online] Available at: https://www.crsi.org/index.cfm/concrete/placing [Accessed 11 February 2018]. Consumers Builders Supply Co., (n.d.). Step by Step Guide to Completing Your Own Concrete Project. [Online] Available at: https://consumersbuilderssupply.com/?page_id=76 [Accessed 10 February 2018]. Daily Civil, 2017. Method and Period of Removing Formwork. [Online] Available at: https://www.dailycivil.com/method-period-removing-formwork/ [Accessed 11 February 2018]. Infrastructure Technology Institute, (n.d.). The Concrete Construction Process. [Online] Available at: https://iti.northwestern.edu/cement/monograph/Monograph2_3.html [Accessed 10 February 2018]. Main Roads Western Australia, 2011. Specification 901 Concrete - General Works, Sydney: MainRoads estern Australia. Rodriguez, J., 2016. Formwork Guidelines: Safety, Installation and Removal. [Online] Available at: https://www.thebalance.com/safety-installation-and-removal-of-formwork-844783 [Accessed 11 February 2018]. SAI Global, 2009. AS 3600-2009 Concrete Structures. Sydney, NSW: Standards Australia International Ltd. Twitty, W., 2008. Quality Management System for Ready Mixed Concrete Companies, Silver Spring, MD: RMC Research Education Foundation.

Death, Life, Values and Ethics in Literature free essay sample

An analysis of how each book The Death of Ivan Ilyich, Tuesdays with Morrie and The Trial and Death of Socrates brings the issues of death, life, social values and ethics. This paper compares three books The Death of Ivan Ilyich by Leo Tolstoy, Tuesdays with Morrie by Mitch Albom and The Trial and Death of Socrates by Plato. It explores the similarities and difference that the themes that these books raise. All three books centrally raise the same issues that of death, life, social values and ethics. It is interesting to note how little the mans ideas about these things have changed from 401 BC to present century. These books are a natural insight into the fact that human society is born with some central idea. The books should be used for education to show the development of civilizations and how some ideas are centrally basic to the human race irrespective of the time frame. We will write a custom essay sample on Death, Life, Values and Ethics in Literature or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Personal Growth Reflective Essay Samples

Personal Growth Reflective Essay SamplesTo create a personal growth reflective essay sample is a very important part of your learning. These are essays that you will use for whatever purpose you wish to use them, and they are written for grades. You will want to be able to make your own personalized ones so they reflect your personality and talents, or they will not be authentic to you. In this article, I am going to show you some personal growth reflective essay samples you can use to get you started on creating something that can reflect your unique personal writing style.In my opinion, the best place to start when creating a personal growth reflective essay is using one of the websites that offer to write for you. This is where you can use examples from your own life to help you think about what you would like to say in your own words. Many of these are ones you could easily think of, but they will help you to remember that you could be using them as examples of personal writings. It is also a great way to see how well you do in the real world, since you are writing an essay based on real life events.Some of the websites also offer to provide you with examples for your essays. As you use these examples, you will find that you are much more comfortable with how your writing will turn out. This will also help you hone your writing skills, since you are writing for a larger audience than if you were writing for yourself.When you are using the examples that you have provided for your writing, be sure to review them from time to time. This will allow you to see how well you have written your essay. You will also be able to see whether you should revise your writing style, or simply make some changes, or take them out altogether. This will let you decide which way to go and hopefully help you make the best decision for your own writing style.When you are done with your example essay, it is time to sit down and analyze it. You need to be able to see how well you wr ote it, and what could be improved. Remember that you are now making an essay for school, so it is important that it reflects who you are as a person. Sometimes, you will want to consult someone who is more experienced in this type of writing, such as a high school English teacher or someone at the college you are applying to.After you have analyzed your example essay, it is time to give it another pass and edit it more. There is no reason to put your hard work into a wrong form. By editing, you will learn how to write better and have a more professional looking essay.Writing your own personal essays requires some work. Fortunately, if you follow the steps above, you will be able to write a reflection essay based on your own unique writing style, and give it the most benefit possible.

Perfect Cocktail Attire for Men and Women With 10 Stylish Outfits

Perfect Cocktail Attire for Men and Women With 10 Stylish Outfits SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips So you've gotten an invitation to a fabulous party and can't wait to go, but one line strikes terror into your heart: cocktail attire requested. What is cocktail attire, even? Never fear, I'll walk you through the guidelines of this dress code for both men and women and provide images of cocktail outfits you can easily recreate on your own. What Is Cocktail Attire? Cocktail attire is a dress code that is often adopted for parties and events that are somewhat fancy but not to the point of requiring full formal outfits. It’s popular for weddings and other special celebrations. There is some variation in what cocktail attire means based on the type of event, but it's generally meant to be fancy without being black tie. Cocktail attire is for fun but formal social events, so you can throw in a little more personality. The point is not to look like you’re going to work. What is cocktail attire for men? It can range from a more casual ensemble of dark jeans, a button up, and a sport coat to a more formal dark suit and tie. Sweaters and sweater-vests over button-up shirts are also acceptable in most cases. What is cocktail attire for women? Options include dresses and skirts with hemlines that fall slightly above the knee, dressy blouses, and pants. Suits for women are also acceptable. Cocktail Attire: Essential Guidelines Follow these guidelines to create a cocktail outfit that's fashionable, comfortable, and perfectly suited for the occasion. Cocktail Attire Rules For Everyone In crafting your outfit for a fancy occasion, you can't go wrong following the following guidelines. When in Doubt, Be More Formal It’s often best to err on the side of more formal if you’re unsure of the exact level of dressiness the event requires. Cocktail attire can be dressed up or down slightly depending on what sort of function you’re attending. If you’re not in a position where you can be assured that slightly less formal cocktail attire is acceptable, dress more formally. It’s more acceptable to be overdressed than underdressed in these situations. Find What’s Comfortable for You Don’t wear something that you think someone else would wear but that feels awkward or uncomfortable to you. For example, if you hate wearing dresses, don’t force yourself to put on a cocktail dress for this event. You can just as easily wear a nice pair of pants with a dressy blouse. Same goes for footwear - if you don’t like heels, wear flats or booties instead. 4 Rules to Know About Cocktail Attire for Men Dressing for formal occasions is generally simpler for men than women, but there are still some rules you should follow in picking out your outfit. Keep It Simple There are certain simple outfits that will always work for cocktail attire, like a well-tailored suit and tie with dress shoes. If you feel a bit lost when dressing for these types of events, stick to the basics. You can’t go wrong with a classic look (which you'll see examples of further on in this guide). No Sneakers or White Socks Don’t wear sneakers to an event that requires cocktail attire. Instead, go for loafers or other types of dress shoes or boots. Also avoid wearing white socks - they’ll stick out like a sore thumb and detract from the neatness of your outfit. It’s best to wear dark socks, ideally ones that match the color of your pants. If you’re feeling more adventurous, you can try some brightly colored argyle socks, but it’s best not to take too many risks if you don’t consider yourself a fashion expert. Prepare for Increased Formality If you think the event falls on the less formal side of things, you can try wearing just a pair of nice pants with a button-up, but you should be prepared to dress more formally if you find yourself feeling out of place. Bring a jacket and tie with you just in case you need to make yourself look a bit more dressed up. Jeans Require a Jacket Sometimes you can wear jeans to events that require cocktail attire, but they should be a dark wash with no rips or other wear marks. If you do opt for jeans, make sure you dress up your outfit by including a jacket. A more informal choice in pants should be balanced out with more formal clothing choices for your upper body. 4 Simple Guidelines to Navigating Cocktail Attire for Women Of course, the standard cocktail attire for women is the cocktail dress, but it can still be hard to know how to accessorize or what to wear if you prefer pants. Check out the rules below to help you pick a fashionable but appropriate cocktail outfit. Accessorize Responsibly It’s best to have just one stand-out accessory rather than going overboard and creating five different focal points within your outfit. If you have a piece of bold statement jewelry that you plan on wearing, keep any other accessories very minimalist. Cocktail attire outfits are supposed to have personality and convey a sense of fun, but they should still make you look classy and put together. Too many loud accessories can make you look a bit tacky. Choose Shoes That Are Fancy, but Not Flashy Dressy sandals, ballet flats, and heels are all acceptable as footwear to go along with cocktail attire. Try not to go overboard with super high heels or shoes that clash with the rest of your outfit and compete too much with other accessories. You also need to be practical - make sure you can move around easily and stand for a long time without feeling like your feet are going to fall off. On the flip side, you should avoid wearing sneakers or flip flops because footwear that is too casual can really mess up the sophistication of your outfit as a whole. More Revealing = Less Loud Short dresses are commonly worn as cocktail attire, but you shouldn’t take this to the extreme. Slightly above the knee is the best place for the hemline to fall, though you can go a bit shorter as long as the dress isn’t excessively revealing overall. Even dresses with cutouts can be acceptable as cocktail attire, but in that case it’s best to stick with solid colors and lengths that don’t make it risky for you to bend over and pick up that hors d'oeuvre you just dropped (five second rule guys, let’s not be wasteful). If you wear a dress with a really out there pattern, that’s fine, but if it’s also skin tight and short, it might not be appropriate for a more formal event. Dress Practically Finally, don’t squeeze yourself into an outfit that makes you feel uncomfortable or that’s totally irrelevant to your personal style. Keep in mind the length of the event and the activities that you’ll be doing throughout. If it’s a wedding, you’re probably going to want to dance. In that case, wear an outfit that allows room for movement and shoes that won’t lead to a broken ankle as soon as the beat drops. Cocktail Attire for Men: Example Outfits Below are pictures of some of the best and easiest to recreate cocktail attire outfits for men. If you're wondering which items you need to purchase for your own cocktail attire, the last section in this guide has a list of cocktail attire staples you should have in your closet. Cocktail Attire for Women: Example Outfits Below are photos of the three most popular cocktail attire outfit combinations for women. Use these photos as inspiration when searching your closet or thinking about which new pieces to buy. Combo 1: Classic Cocktail Dress Combo 2: Pants/Blouse or Jumpsuit Combo 3: Skirt/Blouse Cocktail Attire Basics: Must-Haves for Men and Women Now you have a better idea of what to wear to cocktail party or other formal occasion. The next step is to begin assembling your own cocktail attire. Below are essential pieces you should always have on hand for events that require cocktail attire. For Men Dark or light suit Tie (optional) Button-down shirts (neutral colors are the most versatile) Solid-color sweaters or those with a simple pattern Slacks Blazer Dark socks Loafers or similar shoes For Women Knee-length or slightly above the knee dress Mid-length skirt Button-down shirt or blouse Blazer Flats, heels or sandals

Popular French Acronyms and Abbreviations

Popular French Acronyms and Abbreviations Lost in alphabet soup? Acronyms and abbreviations abound in French, especially in newspapers, on the news, and in political discussions. You might not be able to learn every French abbreviation and acronym, but you can get a good head start by memorizing this list of the most common ones. The ~ symbol indicates that the English equivalent is an approximation. AB agriculture biologique organic farming ADN acide dà ©soxyribonuclà ©ique DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) AEF Afrique à ©quatoriale franà §aise French Equatorial Africa AF allocations familiales ~ welfare, family allowance ALENA Accord de libre-à ©change nord-amà ©ricain NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) ANAEM Agence Nationale d'Accueil des Étrangers et des Migrations "National Agency for the Reception of Foreigners and Migration" ANPE Agence nationale pour l'emploi unemployment and job search agency AOC Appelation d'origine contrà ´là ©e guarantee of origin AOF Afrique occidentale franà §aise French West Africa API Alphabet phonà ©tique international IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) AR accusà ©/avis de rà ©ception return receipt requested, acknowledgement of receipt A.R. aller-retour round trip ASSEDIC Association pour l'emploi dans l'industrie et le commerce ~ agency for payment of unemployment BCBG bon chic bon genre preppy, Sloaney BD bande dessinà ©e comic strip BN Bibliothà ¨que nationale national library BNP Banque nationale de Paris large French bank BP boà ®te postale post office box BTP bà ¢timents et travaux publics public buildings and works sector BTS brevet de technicien supà ©rieur vocational training certificate bx bisous (at the end of a letter) ~hugs and kisses cd,cd c'estdire that is, i.e., I mean CAI Contrat d'Accueil et d'Intà ©gration agreement required of long-term visitors and residents of France CAP Certificat d'aptitude professionnelle required for employees who do not have a college degree CB carte bleue, carte bancaire debit card CCI Chambre de commerce et d'industrie Chamber of Commerce CCP compte chà ¨que postal postal checking account CDD contrat durà ©e dà ©terminà ©e job contract for a set duration CDI contrat durà ©e indà ©terminà ©e job contract for an indefinite duration CEDEX courrier d'entreprise distribution exceptionnelle ~ FedEx (early morning delivery service) CFA Communautà © financià ¨re africaine Community of French colonies in Africa which use a single monetary unit called the CFA franc CFP centre de formation professionnelle professional training center CGT Confà ©dà ©ration Gà ©nà ©rale de Travail ~ AFL-CIO (American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations) Cie compagnie Co. (company) CIO Centre d'information et d'orientation career advisory center CNED Centre national d'enseignement distance Number one distance learning organization in Europe CNR Centre national de recherche National research institute COB Commission des opà ©rations de Bourse stock exchange regulatory commission: ~ SEC (US), ~SIB (UK) COD complà ©ment objet direct direct object pronoun COI complà ©ment objet indirect indirect object pronoun CP cours prà ©paratoire ~ first grade CPE Contrat Premià ¨re Embauche controversial job reform provision introduced in 2006 CRS Compagnie rà ©publicaine de sà ©curità © riot police squad CSA Conseil supà ©rieur de l'audiovisuel French broadcasting regulatory body, ~FCC CUIO Cellule Universitaire d'Information et d'Orientation organization of university-level study and career counselors CV curriculum vitae ~ rà ©sumà © DAB distributeur automatique de billets cash dispenser (ATM limited to withdrawals) DALF diplà ´me approfondi de langue franà §aise ~ TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) DEA diplà ´me d'à ©tudes approfondies ~ PhD minus the dissertation DELF diplà ´me d'à ©tudes en langue franà §aise ~ TOEFL DES diplà ´me d'à ©tudes supà ©rieures ~ Master's degree DESS diplà ´me d'à ©tudes supà ©rieures spà ©cialisà ©es ~ Master's degree + one year internship DEST diplà ´me d'à ©tudes supà ©rieures techniques ~ Master's degree in technical subject DEUG diplà ´me d'à ©tudes universitaires gà ©nà ©rales ~ Associate degree DGSE Direction gà ©nà ©rale de la sà ©curità © extà ©rieure ~ CIA (Central Intelligence Agency), MI6 (Military Intelligence 6) DILF diplà ´me initial de langue franà §aise ~ TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) DK dà ©ca (apocope of dà ©cafà ©inà ©) decaf (decaffeinated) DOM-TOM Dà ©partements d'outre-mer et Territoires d'outre-mer former colonies which remain French territories DSK Dominique Strauss-Kahn French politician accused of sexual assault in 2011 DST Direction de la surveillance du territoire ~ CIA (Central Intelligence Agency), MI5 (Military Intelligence 5) DT diphtà ©rie, tà ©tanos vaccine against diphtheria and tetanus EDF Électricità © de France nationalized French electric company É.-U.É.-U.A. États-UnisÉtats-Unis d'Amà ©rique US (United States)USA (United States of America) FLN Front de libà ©ration nationale Algerian political party FLQ Front de la libà ©ration du Quà ©bec Revolutionary organization in Canada which resulted in the "FLQ crisis" of 1970. FN Front National Far right political party (Jean-Marie Le Pen) FNAC Fà ©dà ©ration nationale d'achats des cadres ~ Borders (megastore for books, music, movies, + electronics) .fr (pronounced point f r) internet country code for France GAB guichet automatique de banque ATM (automated teller machine) GDF Gaz de France nationalized French gas company GE Gentil Employà ©e (au Club Mà ©diterranà ©e) Club Med employee G.I.G.-G.I.C. grand invalide de guerre -grand invalide civile severely disabled veteran - severely disabled person (found on handicapped parking signs) GM Gentil Membre (au Club Mà ©diterranà ©e) Club Med member/guest Go giga octet GB (gigabyte) GO Gentil Organisateur (au Club Mà ©diterranà ©e) Club Med organizer h heure (telling time) o'clock Hadopi Haute Autorità © pour la diffusion des Å“uvres et la protection des droits sur Internet Anti-piracy policing authority HLM Habitation loyer moderà © low-income housing HS hors service out of order HT hors taxe tax not included, subtotal Ifop Institut franà §ais d'opinion publique French public opinion research institute INSEE Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques national institute for statistics and economic studies IQF Invitation Quitter le Territoire order to a foreigner to leave France IVG interruption volontaire de grossesse abortion Jour J literally D-Day (6 June 1944), but can be used figuratively to mean "the big day" K7 cassette audio or video cassette - used in ads LCR Ligue Communiste Rà ©volutionnaire Trotskyist political party in France LEP lycà ©e d'enseignement professionnel vocational high school LlH Longueur, largeur, Hauteur lwh - length, width, height LO Lutte Ouvrià ¨re Trotskyist political party in France LOA location avec option d'achat leasing with the option to buy MEDEF Mouvement des Entreprises de France largest French job union MJC Maison des Jeunes et de la Culture Youth cultural center MLF Mouvement pour la libà ©ration de la femme French women's lib movement Mo mega octet MB (megabyte) MRAP Mouvement contre le racisme et pour l'amitià © entre les peuples French antiracism movement NAP Neuilly, Auteuil, Passy preppy, Sloany NDLR note de la rà ©daction editor's note NdT note du traducteur translator's note NF norme franà §aise approved French standard of manufacture, ~ seal of approval OGM organisme gà ©nà ©tiquement modifià © GMO (genetically modified organism) OLP Organisation de la libà ©ration de la Palestine PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization) ONG organisation non gouvernementale NGO (non-governmental organization) ONU Organisation des Nations unies UN (United Nations) OPA offre publique d'achat takeover bid OS Ouvrier spà ©cialisà © unskilled or semi-skilled worker OVNI Objet volant non identifià © UFO (unidentified flying object) PACS Pacte civil de solidarità © legal alternative to marriage in France, with a provision for same-sex couples PAO publication assistà ©e par ordinateur desktop publishing PC poste de commandement HQ (headquarters) PC(F) Parti communiste (franà §ais) French Communist Party Pcc pour copie conforme certified copy PCV paiement contre và ©rification orpercevoir collect call (French on the phone) PDG prà ©sident-directeur gà ©nà ©ral ~ CEO (chief executive officer) PEE plan d'à ©pargne entreprise ~ 401k (except in France, the company puts in 3x the employee contribution) PEL plan d'à ©pargne logement ~ savings account for purchase of a home PIB produit intà ©rieur brut GDP (gross domestic product) PJ pià ¨ces jointes Enc. (enclosed in a business letter) PJ Police judiciaire ~ FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) PMA pays moins avancà ©s undeveloped countries PMU pari mutuel urbain OTB (off-track betting) PNB produit national brut GNP (gross national product) po pouce in. (inch) PS Parti socialiste Socialist Party; one of the three largest French political parties (Franà §ois Mitterrand, Sà ©golà ¨ne Royal) PT Parti des Travailleurs Trotskyist political party in France PTT Poste, Tà ©là ©communications et Tà ©là ©diffusion post office and telephone service P.-V. procà ¨s-verbal meeting minutesautomotive ticket or fine PVD pays en voie de dà ©veloppement developing countries qcm questionnaire choix multiple multiple choice test QG quartier gà ©nà ©ral HQ (headquarters), local pub R.A.S. rien signaler (informal) no problems/issues (e.g., on the condition portion of a car rental contract) RATP Rà ©gie autonome des transports parisiens Paris public transportation authority (mà ©tro and bus) rdc rez-de-chaussà ©e first floor (US), ground floor (UK) RER Rà ©seau express rà ©gional high speed train service between Paris + suburbs RF la Rà ©publique franà §aise the French Republic RIB relevà © d'identità © bancaire summary of bank information (for automatic payments) RMI revenu minimum d'insertion ~ minimum welfare payment, income support RN revenu nationalroute nationale GNP (gross national product)main road RPR Rassemblement pour la Rà ©publique French center-right political party; one of the three largest (Jacques Chirac) RSVP rà ©pondez s'il vous plaà ®t please respond (thus "please RSVP" is redundant) RTT rà ©duction du temps de travail reduction of working hours rv rendez-vous meeting, date SA socià ©tà © anonyme Inc. (incorporated), Ltd. (limited) SAMU secours d'aide mà ©dicale d'urgence ambulance SARL socià ©tà © responsabilità © limità ©e Inc., Ltd (limited liability company) SDF sans domicile fixe homeless (noun or adjective) Sida syndrome immunodà ©ficitaire acquis AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) SMIC salaire minimum interprofessionnel de croissance minimum wage SNCF Socià ©tà © nationale des chemins de fer franà §ais nationalized French train system SPA Socià ©tà © protectrice des animaux ~ASPCA (US), ~RSPCA (UK) SRM Socià ©tà © des rà ©dacteurs du Monde Society of Editors of Le Mondenewspaper SVP s'il vous plaà ®t please systà ¨me D le systà ¨me dà ©brouillard, le systà ¨me dà ©merder (informal) resourcefulness TEPA travail, emploi, pouvoir d'achat 2007 French fiscal package TGB Trà ¨s grande bibliothà ¨que nickname of the Bibliothà ¨que de France TGV train grande vitesse high-speed train TIG travaux d'intà ©rà ªt gà ©nà ©ral community service TNT tà ©là ©vision numà ©rique terrestretrinitrotoluà ¨ne national digital terrestrial television serviceTNT (trinitrotoluene) TPS tà ©là ©vision par satellite TV via satellite TTC toutes taxes comprises tax included TVA taxe sur la valeur ajoutà ©e VAT (value-added tax) UDF Union pour la dà ©mocratie franà §aise center-right French political party; one of the three largest (Franà §ois Beyrou) U.E. Union europà ©enne EU (European Union) U.L.M. ultra-là ©ger motorisà © ultralight (plane) UMP Union pour un Mouvement Populaire center-right French political party UNL Union Nationale Lycà ©enne national union for high school students URSAFF Union pour le recouvrement des cotisations de la sà ©curità © sociale et des allocations famiales Social Security UV unità © de valeur university course credit vf version franà §aise film dubbed into French vm version multilingue film with choice of sound and subtitles vovost version originaleversion originale sous-titrà ©e film shown in its original language with subtitles in French VTT và ©lo tout terrain mountain bike W.-C. water-closet bathroom, restroom (US); toilet, loo (UK) x fois (par exemple, 10x plus) times (for example, 10x more) X l'École Polytechnique nickname for top polytechnic school in Paris